In addition to noise in schools and preschools, many children are exposed to potentially disturbing traffic related noise at night. Environmental noise is a well-known factor to disturb sleep and it can be assumed to affect most children living in urbanized areas. Children have a special need for uninterrupted sleep for growth and cognitive development. It is generally accepted that undisturbed sleep is essential for physiological and psychological health. Knowledge of how cognitive and long term health effects are mediated by noise disturbed sleep is very incomplete. Four papers address effects of noise in specific patient groups such as children with autism, asthma and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Health effects most frequently described in the literature are annoyance, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular disease, cognitive effects and effects on hearing. A recent review identified thirty seven papers (2007-2011) pertaining to primary school children, two to preschool children and four to neonates. In most recent reviews on noise and health, this topic has been touched upon, but evidence is still scarce and scattered.
This conclusion supports the notion that noise effects can and should be differentiated between subgroups. In the recently published guideline by the WHO for the burden of disease from environmental noise and elsewhere it is concluded that future epidemiological noise research will need to focus on vulnerable groups some noise exposures may be worse for particular subgroups than for others such as children, older people and lower socioeconomic groups. Sleep Children Noise Cognitive development Health Introduction It is concluded that future studies into the health effect of environmental noise exposure in early life should address these potential hypotheses and mechanisms and pay specific attention to the mediating role of sleep related aspects, including noise in conjunction with other environmental exposures such as indoor climate and exposure to sounds and light from electronic devices. Based on this a set of hypotheses was formulated. Because the literature is still trying to understand the nature of sleep disturbance among children in general a scoping review was used to achieve this, combining conceptual issues with a description of the scarce literature on noise and sleep disturbance in children as example. The aim of this paper is to formulate a set of hypotheses as a base for future studies into the short and long term effects of noise induced sleep deprivation on health and child development and how this effects health and wellbeing later on in life. It has been shown that although children are less likely to wake up or react with sleep cycle shifts due to nighttime exposure, they might be more likely to react with physiological effects such as blood pressure reactions and related motility during sleep. Noise is an environmental factor that affects most children, but the knowledge of how children's health, wellbeing and cognitive development are affected by noise disturbed sleep due to road traffic is very incomplete.
Visit for more related articles at Journal of Child and Adolescent BehaviorĪbstract Undisturbed sleep is essential for physiological and psychological health. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Received Date: DecemAccepted Date: JanuPublished Date: January 23, 2015Ĭitation:Kamp IV, Waye KP, Gunnarsson AG (2015) The Effects of Noise Disturbed Sleep in Children on Cognitive Development and Long National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentĬentre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, Netherlands The Effects of Noise Disturbed Sleep in Children on Cognitive Development and Long Term Health Irene van Kamp 1, 2 *, Kerstin Persson Waye 2 and Anita Gidlöf-Gunnarsson 3ġ National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, NetherlandsĢ University of Gothenburg, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Netherlandsģ Örebrö University, Clinic for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Netherlands *Corresponding Author: Irene van Kamp
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